Skip to content
  • Login
  • My Account
    • My Account
    • Logout
  • About Us
  • Publisher’s Letter
  • Lifestyle
  • Enterprise
  • Cities
  • Tributes
  • More
    • Cover Story
    • Interviews
    • Columns
    • Travel
    • Conflict Zone
    • Cinema
    • Shopfloor
    • Governance
    • Education
    • Healthcare
    • Archive
    • Agriculture
    • Environment
    • Read the PDF
  • Subscribe
  • Write To Us
  • Login
  • My Account
    • My Account
    • Logout
  • About Us
  • Publisher’s Letter
  • Lifestyle
  • Enterprise
  • Cities
  • Tributes
  • More
    • Cover Story
    • Interviews
    • Columns
    • Travel
    • Conflict Zone
    • Cinema
    • Shopfloor
    • Governance
    • Education
    • Healthcare
    • Archive
    • Agriculture
    • Environment
    • Read the PDF
  • Subscribe
  • Write To Us

Are EVMs and VVPATs reliable?

Published: May. 15, 2026 | Updated: May. 20, 2026
Share
Facebook WhatsApp Twitter Instagram Email Copy Link LinkedIn

Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) were first conceived by the Election Commission of India (ECI) as a replacement for the ballot paper and the ballot box in 1977. The design and development of the machine was entrusted to a public sector undertaking, the Electronics Corporation of India Ltd (ECIL) in Hyderabad which developed a prototype by 1979.

Welcome to Civil Society's
new website!

Login to Civil Society by entering
your email below

Already logged in? Log in

We recognize you as a paid subscriber.
Click on the link sent to your email.

You can close this window after you open the link in your email.

RENEW

Need help with your renewal? You can call 9354007703 or 011-46033825

Subscribe now to Civil Society and get a free
copy of our book, The Water Catchers.

Organizational subscription

Share Civil Society in the office with a 15% discount

Payment Methods

You May Also Like...

Democracy and migrants

The tragedy of migrant workers following the nation-wide lockdown, imposed… read more

Why is ‘one election’ a priority?

Question: Who is likely to be the most knowledgeable on… read more

Who ‘represents’ us?

India is a representative democracy. We, the citizens, are expected… read more

Picking up the tab for elections

Who should pay for elections? This is a perennial question.… read more

Lives or livelihoods?

When a society laments the loss of an economy more… read more

Are you a citizen?

Citizenship has been in the news for some time now and… read more

A-16 (West Side), 1st Floor,
South Extn., Part 2,
New Delhi - 110049
Tel: 011 46033825, 9354007703
Email: [email protected]

@2025 All rights reserved.

  • Home
  • About Us
  • Education
  • Cities
  • Healthcare
  • Interviews
  • Bookshop
  • Archive
  • Subscribe
  • Contact
  • Login

Welcome to Civil Society's
new website!

Login to Civil Society by entering
your email below

or
Sign in with Google

Already logged in? Log in

We recognize you as a paid subscriber.
Click on the link sent to your email.

You can close this window after you open the link in your email.

RENEW

Need help with your renewal? You can call 9354007703 or 011-46033825

Subscribe now to Civil Society and get a free
copy of our book, The Water Catchers.

Organizational subscription

Share Civil Society in the office with a 15% discount

Payment Methods

Support our work

Thank you for choosing to donate. Your contribution helps us create real impact.

₹

Minimum donation: ₹10

Preparing secure checkout…